System of electrical distribution.



No. 742,861. PATENTED NOV. 8, 1903. J. H. HALLBBRG.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 20, 1903.

no MODEL.

26 7 FIGA.

UNITED STATES Patented November 3, 1908 PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEF IIENRIK IIALLBERG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0. 742,861, dated November3, 1903.

Application filed February 20, 1903- Serial No. 144,275. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEE HENRIK HALL- BERG, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York city, county and State of New York, haveinvented a System of Electrical Distribution, of which the followingis aspecification.

My invention has especial reference to the automatic regulation of thecurrent-generating devices used in systems of electrical distribution.

My improved system may be employed for distributing heat, light, orpower.

My invention depends upon the observed. fact that the speed of amotor-armature, Where the armature is fed from a constantpotentialsource, can be increased or diminished within certain defined limits byinversely varying the current traversing the field-magnets of suchmotor.

Considered broadly, my invention may be said to consist in a system ofelectrical distribution wherein the current traversing and exciting thefield-magnets of the main generator or main generators is automaticallyvaried to maintain a uniform potential in the distributing-circuit byvarying,in accordance with the work in the distributing-circuit, thespeed of a small motor driving asmall generator which furnishes eitherthe whole or a portion of the required current to excite thefieldmagnets of the main generator or generators of the system.

The object of my invention is to dispense with the use of compoundwindings on the field-magnets of the main generator or generators, asalso the employment of complicated rheostats or other regulatingdevices, and generally to decrease the operating cost and increase theefficiency of the system.

The accompanying diagrams will serve to illustrate my invention, inwhich-- Figure 1 shows myimproved system ofelectrical distribution andregulation as applied to an electric railway Fig. 2, as applied to thedistribution of light and power and involving the employment of what isknown as a booster for the exciting-current for the field-magnets of themain generator.

In the diagrams, 5 indicates a main generator, in the present case adirect-current generator, which in Fig. 1 is shown as havingits armature6 connected across the main feederconductor 7 and rails 8 and in Fig. 2across the outgoing conductor 9 and return-conductor 10.

In Fig. 1, 11 indicates a contact or working conductor connected to thefeeder-conductor, and 12 a car on the rails, carrying the usualcontact-trolley 13.

In Fig. 2, laindicates alight-circuit, and 15 motors connected acrossthe conductors 9 10.

Connected across the feeder-conductor 7 and rails 8, Fig. 1, or theoutgoing and return conductors 9 10, Fig. 2, are the fieldmagnets 16 ofa motor 17, whose armature 18 is connected across the terminals of asource of constant potential 19, which may be a battery, as shown, astorage battery, a dynamo, or any suitable source of constant-potentialenergy.

Arranged in the circuit of the field magnets 16 is a variable resistance20 and in the circuit of the armature 18 a variable resistance 21.

22 indicates a small generator, in the present case a direct-currentdynamo of the shunt type, which is driven from motor 17 by means of abelt 23 or any other suitable power-transmission means. The dynamo 22has its armature 24 and field-magnets 25 connected across the terminalsof the field-magnets 26 of the main generator 5.

27 is a variable resistance connected in the circuit of thefield-magnets of the small generator 22, and 28 a variable resistanceconnected in the circuit of the field-magnets 26 of the main generator5.

In Fig. 2 the field-magnets 25 of the small generator 22 and thefield-magnets 26 of the large generator 5 are shown as connected acrossthe terminals of the source of constantpotential energy 19.

In Fig. 1 the field-magnets 26 of the large generator 5 are excited bythe current from the small dynamo 22 and in Fig. 2 by the current fromthe source of potential 19 and from the small dynamo 22.

The operation of my improved system of distribution is as follows: Undernormal conditions the motor 17, by reason of the current energy derivedfrom the source of constant potential 19, is driven at the requiredspeed to enable the small dynamo 22, which is driven by it, to producethe required current necessary to effect the normal excitation of thefield-magnets 26 of the generator 5. The speed of the motor 17 may beregulated through the instrumentality of the resistance devices 20 21and the excitation of the fieldmagnets 25 of the small dynamo and thefieldmagnets 26 of the main generators through the resistance devices 2728. Should the work in the distributing-circuit from the main generator5 exceed a predetermined amount, the potential in such circuit will dropand less current will traverse the fieldunagnets 16 of the motor 17, andas a consequence the armature 18 of the motor will move at a greaterspeed, thereby rotating the armature 24 of the small generator 22 at agreater speed and increasing the current transmitted through thefield-magnets 26 of the generator 5, with the result that the excitationof these magnets will be increased and the potential in the current inthe distributing-circuit again brought to the normal. WVhen the work inthe distributing-circuit is decreased, the reverse takes place.

In Fig. 2 the operation is the same, with the exception that when thework is increased in the distributing-circuit the current from the smallgenerator 22 is increased and added to the current from the source ofconstant potential 19 fed to the field-magnets 26 of the generator 5,and, conversely, when the work is decreased the current from the smallgenerator 2 is gradually cut down as the speed of the small generator isdecreased.

I wish it understood thatI do not limitmyself to the particularapparatus shown in the two diagrams for regulating the current fed tothe field-magnets of the main generator, as it will be evident to thoseskilled in the art that the motor device energized and connected asshown may be employed to control through many different devices thecurrent required to produce the necessary excitation of thefield-magnets of the main generator.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. A system of electricaldistribution comprising a generator, a distributing-circuit, a

constant potential connected across the armature of said motor, ashunt-wound dynamo connected across the field-magnets of the generator,and power-transmission means interposed between the armature of themotor and the armature of the shunt-wound dynamo.

3. A system of electrical distribution comprising a generator, adistributing-circuit, a motor having its field-magnets connectedacrossthe distributing-circuit, a source of constant potential connectedacross the armature of the motor, a small generator of electricity forexciting the field-magnets of the main generator connected to thedistributing-circuit, and power-transmission means interposed betweenthe armature of the motor and the armature of said small generator.

4. A system of electrical distribution comprising a generator, adistributing-circuit, a motor having its field magnets connected acrossthe distributing-circuit, a source of constant potential connectedacross the armature of said field-magnets, a small gcnerator forexciting the field-magnets of the large generator, power-transmissionmeans interposed between the motor and the small generator, and meansfor manually varying the speed of rotation of the armature of the motor.

5. A system of electrical distribution comprising a generator, adistributing-oircuit, a motor having its field-magnets connected .acrossthe distributing-circuit, a source of constant potential connectedacross the armature of said field-magnets, a small generator forexciting the field-magnets of the large generator, power transmissionmeans interposed between the motor and the small generator, means formanually varying the speed of rotation of the armature of the motor, andmeans for varying the resistance of the fieldmagnet circuit of the largegenerator.

6. A system of electrical distribution comprising a generator, adistributing-circuit, a motor having its field magnets connected acrossthe distributing-circuit, a source of constant potential connectedacross the armature of said field-magnets, a small genera tor forexciting the field-magnets of the large generator, power-transmissionmeans interposed betweon the motor and the small generator, means formanually varying the speed of rotation of the armature of the motor, andmeans for manually varying the resistance of the field-magnet circuit ofthe motor.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

JOSEF IIENRIK HALLBERG.

Witnesses:

J. E. PEARSON, FRANK OCoNNon.

